Plant zygote development: recent insights and applications to clonal seeds

In flowering plants, haploid gametes – an egg cell and a sperm fuse to form the first diploid zygote. The zygote is progenitor stem that gives rise all embryonic post tissues organs. Unlike animals, both maternal paternal gene products participate in initial development of zygotes plants. Here, we discuss recent advances understanding zygotic transition embryo initiation angiosperms, including role parental contributions expression We further utilization this knowledge agricultural biotechnology through synthetic apomixis. Parthenogenesis obtained by manipulation embryogenic factors, combined with mutations bypass meiosis, enables clonal propagation hybrid crops seeds.